(1) If a bill of lading has been issued, then solely its rightful holder will be entitled to the right of disposal pursuant to sections 491 and 492. The carrier may carry out instructions only against presentation of all the executed copies of the bill of lading. However, the carrier may not carry out any instructions issued by the legitimate holder of the bill of lading if the carrier is aware, or grossly negligently unaware, that the rightful holder of the bill of lading is not the person entitled by virtue of same.
(2) If the carrier carries out instructions without having been presented with all executed copies of the bill of lading, the carrier is liable to the person entitled by virtue of the bill of lading for any resulting damages the latter may suffer. The liability does not exceed the amount which would have been payable if the goods had been lost.