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Data Act

Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 on harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data
32023R2854 · official text on EUR-Lex

Articles

Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS

• Article 1 — Subject matter and scope
• Article 2 — Definitions

Chapter II BUSINESS TO CONSUMER AND BUSINESS TO BUSINESS DATA SHARING

• Article 3 — Obligation to make product data and related service data accessible to the user
• Article 4 — The rights and obligations of users and data holders with regard to access, use and making available product data and related service data
• Article 5 — Right of the user to share data with third parties
• Article 6 — Obligations of third parties receiving data at the request of the user
• Article 7 — Scope of business-to-consumer and business-to-business data sharing obligations

Chapter III OBLIGATIONS FOR DATA HOLDERS OBLIGED TO MAKE DATA AVAILABLE PURSUANT TO UNION LAW

• Article 8 — Conditions under which data holders make data available to data recipients
• Article 9 — Compensation for making data available
• Article 10 — Dispute settlement
• Article 11 — Technical protection measures on the unauthorised use or disclosure of data
• Article 12 — Scope of obligations for data holders obliged pursuant to Union law to make data available

Chapter IV UNFAIR CONTRACTUAL TERMS RELATED TO DATA ACCESS AND USE BETWEEN ENTERPRISES

• Article 13 — Unfair contractual terms unilaterally imposed on another enterprise

Chapter V MAKING DATA AVAILABLE TO PUBLIC SECTOR BODIES, THE COMMISSION, THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK AND UNION BODIES ON THE BASIS OF AN EXCEPTIONAL NEED

• Article 14 — Obligation to make data available on the basis of an exceptional need
• Article 15 — Exceptional need to use data
• Article 16 — Relationship with other obligations to make data available to public sector bodies, the Commission, the European Central Bank and Union bodies
• Article 17 — Requests for data to be made available
• Article 18 — Compliance with requests for data
• Article 19 — Obligations of public sector bodies, the Commission, the European Central Bank and Union bodies
• Article 20 — Compensation in cases of an exceptional need
• Article 21 — Sharing of data obtained in the context of an exceptional need with research organisations or statistical bodies
• Article 22 — Mutual assistance and cross-border cooperation

Chapter VI SWITCHING BETWEEN DATA PROCESSING SERVICES

• Article 23 — Removing obstacles to effective switching
• Article 24 — Scope of the technical obligations
• Article 25 — Contractual terms concerning switching
• Article 26 — Information obligation of providers of data processing services
• Article 27 — Obligation of good faith
• Article 28 — Contractual transparency obligations on international access and transfer
• Article 29 — Gradual withdrawal of switching charges
• Article 30 — Technical aspects of switching
• Article 31 — Specific regime for certain data processing services

Chapter VII UNLAWFUL INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENTAL ACCESS AND TRANSFER OF NON-PERSONAL DATA

• Article 32 — International governmental access and transfer

Chapter VIII INTEROPERABILITY

• Article 33 — Essential requirements regarding interoperability of data, of data sharing mechanisms and services, as well as of common European data spaces
• Article 34 — Interoperability for the purposes of in-parallel use of data processing services
• Article 35 — Interoperability of data processing services
• Article 36 — Essential requirements regarding smart contracts for executing data sharing agreements

Chapter IX IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT

• Article 37 — Competent authorities and data coordinators
• Article 38 — Right to lodge a complaint
• Article 39 — Right to an effective judicial remedy
• Article 40 — Penalties
• Article 41 — Model contractual terms and standard contractual clauses
• Article 42 — Role of the EDIB

Chapter X SUI GENERIS RIGHT UNDER DIRECTIVE 96/9/EC

• Article 43 — Databases containing certain data

Chapter XI FINAL PROVISIONS

• Article 44 — Other Union legal acts governing rights and obligations on data access and use
• Article 45 — Exercise of the delegation
• Article 46 — Committee procedure
• Article 47 — Amendment to Regulation (EU) 2017/2394
• Article 48 — Amendment to Directive (EU) 2020/1828
• Article 49 — Evaluation and review
• Article 50 — Entry into force and application