1. Member States may authorise their competent authorities to reclaim from the operators or traders the totality of the costs of their activities with respect to instances of non-compliance.
2. The costs referred to in paragraph 1 may include the costs of carrying out testing, of storage and of activities relating to the relevant products that are found to be non-compliant products and are subject to corrective action prior to the release of those relevant products for free circulation, their placing on the market or their export.